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Cropping (animal)
Cropping is the removal of part or all of the pinnae or auricles, the external visible flap of the ear, of an animal. Most commonly performed on dogs, it is an ancient practice that was once done for perceived health, practical or cosmetic reasons. In modern times, it is banned in many nations, but is still legal in a limited number of countries. Where permitted, it is seen only in certain breeds of dog such as the Pit bull, Doberman Pinscher, Schnauzer, Great Dane and Boxer.
The veterinary procedure is known as cosmetic otoplasty. Current veterinary science provides no medical, physical, environmental or cosmetic advantage to the animal from the procedure,〔Slatter, Douglas H. (2002) (''Textbook of small animal surgery'' ) 3rd edition. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders (imprint of Elsevier Health Sciences), 2896 pages, ISBN 978-0-7216-8607-3, p.1746〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.petmd.com/dog/care/evr_dg_ear_cropping_is_it_right_for_your_dog )〕 leading to concerns over animal cruelty related to performing unnecessary surgery on the animals. In addition to the bans in place in countries around the world, it is described in some veterinary texts as "no longer considered ethical."〔
Cropping of large portions of the pinnae of other animals is rare, although the clipping of identifying shapes in the pinnae of livestock, called earmarks, was common prior to the introduction of compulsory ear tags.〔(Lexique Camarguais ) (in French) Manade Devaux. "Lexicon of Camargue terms" Accessed September 2011〕 Removal of portions of the ear of laboratory mice for identification, i.e. ear-notching, is still used. The practice of cropping for cosmetic purposes is rare in non-canines, although some selectively bred animals have naturally small ears which can be mistaken for cropping.
==History and purposes==
Ear cropping has been performed on dogs since ancient times.〔Broughton, Amy L. (2003) (Cropping and Docking: A Discussion of the Controversy and the Role of Law in Preventing Unnecessary Cosmetic Surgery on Dogs ) Michigan State University - Detroit College of Law. Accessed September 2011.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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